The pain from the neck and upper back is often felt at the back of the shoulder joint and through to the outside of the upper arm. Problems with the joints and associated nerves of the neck and upper back can also be a source of shoulder pain. Tears to rotator cuff tendons may occur as a result of an injury (for example, a fall or broken collarbone) or happen over a period of time as we age. The group of tendons and muscles that keeps the shoulder stable and positioned correctly for the shoulder and arm to move is called the rotator cuff. This type of injury often occurs in people participating in contact sports such as football who take a blow to the shoulder. This can occur as a result of an injury (for example, falling onto your outstretched arm) or repetitive actions (for example, due to playing sports that involve throwing, such as cricket).Ī direct blow to the shoulder can result in acromioclavicular joint ('AC joint') being sprained. The flexible tissue that helps keep the shoulder joint in place (labrum) can become torn. This may be the result of the humerus coming partially out of the joint socket (subluxation) or if the humerus comes completely out (dislocation). If ligaments are injured or sprained, it can cause short term pain. They provide stability to the shoulder by keeping the bones where they’re meant to be. Ligaments are soft tissues that connect bones to bones. In the shoulder, the bursa that sits between the rotator cuff tendon and the bony tip of the shoulder (acromion) can become inflamed, most commonly with repetitive movements. Pain associated with an inflamed bursa is also common in the shoulder.Ī bursa is a small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between two structures, such as bone, muscle and tendons. Sometimes the cause of shoulder pain may not be known. As a result, the shoulder becomes difficult to move.įrozen shoulder may occur as a result of another condition if the shoulder has been immobilised (for example, due to surgery or injury). There may also be less synovial fluid to lubricate the joint. Synovitis may occur as a result of another condition (for example, rheumatoid arthritis) or it may happen as a result of an injury, or the cause may be unknown.įrozen shoulder ('adhesive capsulitis') is a condition that occurs when the shoulder capsule thickens and becomes inflamed and tight. The synovial membrane of the shoulder may become inflamed – this is called 'synovitis'. Over time cartilage can become worn, or it may become damaged due to injury or an accident, leading to the development of osteoarthritis. Healthy cartilage helps your joints move smoothly. OsteoarthritisĬartilage is a smooth, cushiony tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet in a joint. There are many causes of shoulder pain and not all of these are due to problems of the shoulder joints or associated structures. Strong tendons, ligaments and muscles also support your shoulder and make it stable. It produces synovial fluid which lubricates and nourishes the joint. The joint capsule is lined with a synovial membrane. This keeps the head of the humerus in place in the joint socket. Strong connective tissue forms the shoulder capsule. acromioclavicular joint – where the top of the shoulder blade meets the collarbone (clavicle).glenohumeral joint – where the upper arm bone (humerus) connects with the shoulder blade (scapula).The shoulder is a complex, highly mobile structure made up of several components. The good news is that with appropriate treatment shoulder pain will improve so you can get back to doing the things you enjoy. Over time, this may become persistent pain. However, as you get older, natural wear and tear occurs in the shoulder joint and the rotator cuff tendon. In younger people, shoulder pain is more likely to be due to an accident or injury. Shoulder pain is common in our community.
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